1819 Clara Wieck Schumann – German composer and pianist (d.1896); wife of Robert Schumann and one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era; exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital and the tastes of the listening public; was the first pianist to give public performances of some of Johannes Brahms's works, notably the Handel Variations.
1874 Arnold Schoenberg – German composer, musical theorist and painter, associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art (d.1951); leader of the Second Viennese School, a group of composers whose music was characterized by expanded tonality and later, a totally chromatic expressionism without firm tonal center (often referred to as atonality) and later still, Schoenberg's serial twelve-tone technique; his approach, both in terms of harmony and development, is among the major landmarks of 20th century musical thought.
1917 Robert Ward – Cleveland-born composer (d.2013); his opera The Crucible, based on Arthur Miller's play, premiered in 1961, and remains his best-known work.
1924 Maurice Jarre – French film composer and conductor (d.2009); best known for his film scores, especially for his collaborations with film director David Lean, composing the scores to all of Lean's films beginning with Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and including Dr. Zhivago (1965) for which he won an Academy Award.